Overview
Herpes infections are caused by both herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). Although HSV-1 more commonly causes sores in and around the mouth and HSV-2 more commonly causes genital and anal sores, both can appear anywhere on the body. Primary herpes is defined as the first outbreak of lesions and is usually more severe than future (recurrent) episodes.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is highly contagious and is easily transmitted through direct contact with the lesions of an infected person. However, the virus can also spread in the absence of symptoms or visible lesions. Affected individuals carry the virus in their bodies for the rest of their lives.
In newborn babies (within the first month of life), HSV infection, known as neonatal herpes, can potentially be life threatening, and symptoms almost always accompany infection. The virus is able to enter the brain and spinal fluid and can cause seizures and even death.
